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SGI Developer Toolbox 6.1
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SGI Developer Toolbox 6.1 - Disc 4.iso
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libdemo
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trackball.c
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C/C++ Source or Header
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1994-08-01
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6KB
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218 lines
/*
* Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, Silicon Graphics, Inc.
* All Rights Reserved.
*
* This is UNPUBLISHED PROPRIETARY SOURCE CODE of Silicon Graphics, Inc.;
* the contents of this file may not be disclosed to third parties, copied or
* duplicated in any form, in whole or in part, without the prior written
* permission of Silicon Graphics, Inc.
*
* RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND:
* Use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions
* as set forth in subdivision (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data
* and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013, and/or in similar or
* successor clauses in the FAR, DOD or NASA FAR Supplement. Unpublished -
* rights reserved under the Copyright Laws of the United States.
*/
/*
* Implementation of a virtual trackball.
* Implemented by Gavin Bell, lots of ideas from Thant Tessman and
* the August '88 issue of Siggraph's "Computer Graphics," pp. 121-129.
*
*/
#include "trackball.h"
/*
* This size should really be based on the distance from the center of
* rotation to the point on the object underneath the mouse. That
* point would then track the mouse as closely as possible. This is a
* simple example, though, so that is left as an Exercise for the
* Programmer.
*/
#define TRACKBALLSIZE (0.8)
/*
* Local function prototypes (not defined in trackball.h)
*/
float tb_project_to_sphere(float, float, float);
void normalize_quat(float [4]);
/*
* Ok, simulate a track-ball. Project the points onto the virtual
* trackball, then figure out the axis of rotation, which is the cross
* product of P1 P2 and O P1 (O is the center of the ball, 0,0,0)
* Note: This is a deformed trackball-- is a trackball in the center,
* but is deformed into a hyperbolic sheet of rotation away from the
* center. This particular function was chosen after trying out
* several variations.
*
* It is assumed that the arguments to this routine are in the range
* (-1.0 ... 1.0)
*/
void
trackball(float q[4], float p1x, float p1y, float p2x, float p2y)
{
float a[3]; /* Axis of rotation */
float phi; /* how much to rotate about axis */
float p1[3], p2[3], d[3];
float t;
if (p1x == p2x && p1y == p2y)
{
vzero(q); q[3] = 1.0; /* Zero rotation */
return;
}
/*
* First, figure out z-coordinates for projection of P1 and P2 to
* deformed sphere
*/
vset(p1,p1x,p1y,tb_project_to_sphere(TRACKBALLSIZE,p1x,p1y));
vset(p2,p2x,p2y,tb_project_to_sphere(TRACKBALLSIZE,p2x,p2y));
/*
* Now, we want the cross product of P1 and P2
*/
vcross(p2,p1,a);
/*
* Figure out how much to rotate around that axis.
*/
vsub(p1,p2,d);
t = vlength(d) / (2.0*TRACKBALLSIZE);
/*
* Avoid problems with out-of-control values...
*/
if (t > 1.0) t = 1.0;
if (t < -1.0) t = -1.0;
phi = 2.0 * asin(t);
axis_to_quat(a,phi,q);
}
/*
* Given an axis and angle, compute quaternion.
*/
void
axis_to_quat(float a[3], float phi, float q[4])
{
vnormal(a);
vcopy(a,q);
vscale(q,fsin(phi/2.0));
q[3] = fcos(phi/2.0);
}
/*
* Project an x,y pair onto a sphere of radius r OR a hyperbolic sheet
* if we are away from the center of the sphere.
*/
static float
tb_project_to_sphere(float r, float x, float y)
{
float d, t, z;
d = fsqrt(x*x + y*y);
if (d < r*M_SQRT1_2) /* Inside sphere */
z = fsqrt(r*r - d*d);
else
{ /* On hyperbola */
t = r / M_SQRT2;
z = t*t / d;
}
return z;
}
/*
* Given two rotations, e1 and e2, expressed as quaternion rotations,
* figure out the equivalent single rotation and stuff it into dest.
*
* This routine also normalizes the result every RENORMCOUNT times it is
* called, to keep error from creeping in.
*
* NOTE: This routine is written so that q1 or q2 may be the same
* as dest (or each other).
*/
#define RENORMCOUNT 97
void
add_quats(float q1[4], float q2[4], float dest[4])
{
static int count=0;
int i;
float t1[4], t2[4], t3[4];
float tf[4];
vcopy(q1,t1);
vscale(t1,q2[3]);
vcopy(q2,t2);
vscale(t2,q1[3]);
vcross(q2,q1,t3);
vadd(t1,t2,tf);
vadd(t3,tf,tf);
tf[3] = q1[3] * q2[3] - vdot(q1,q2);
dest[0] = tf[0];
dest[1] = tf[1];
dest[2] = tf[2];
dest[3] = tf[3];
if (++count > RENORMCOUNT)
{
count = 0;
normalize_quat(dest);
}
}
/*
* Quaternions always obey: a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + d^2 = 1.0
* If they don't add up to 1.0, dividing by their magnitued will
* renormalize them.
*
* Note: See the following for more information on quaternions:
*
* - Shoemake, K., Animating rotation with quaternion curves, Computer
* Graphics 19, No 3 (Proc. SIGGRAPH'85), 245-254, 1985.
* - Pletinckx, D., Quaternion calculus as a basic tool in computer
* graphics, The Visual Computer 5, 2-13, 1989.
*/
static void
normalize_quat(float q[4])
{
int i;
float mag;
mag = (q[0]*q[0] + q[1]*q[1] + q[2]*q[2] + q[3]*q[3]);
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) q[i] /= mag;
}
/*
* Build a rotation matrix, given a quaternion rotation.
*
*/
void
build_rotmatrix(float m[4][4], float q[4])
{
m[0][0] = 1.0 - 2.0 * (q[1] * q[1] + q[2] * q[2]);
m[0][1] = 2.0 * (q[0] * q[1] - q[2] * q[3]);
m[0][2] = 2.0 * (q[2] * q[0] + q[1] * q[3]);
m[0][3] = 0.0;
m[1][0] = 2.0 * (q[0] * q[1] + q[2] * q[3]);
m[1][1] = 1.0 - 2.0 * (q[2] * q[2] + q[0] * q[0]);
m[1][2] = 2.0 * (q[1] * q[2] - q[0] * q[3]);
m[1][3] = 0.0;
m[2][0] = 2.0 * (q[2] * q[0] - q[1] * q[3]);
m[2][1] = 2.0 * (q[1] * q[2] + q[0] * q[3]);
m[2][2] = 1.0 - 2.0 * (q[1] * q[1] + q[0] * q[0]);
m[2][3] = 0.0;
m[3][0] = 0.0;
m[3][1] = 0.0;
m[3][2] = 0.0;
m[3][3] = 1.0;
}